It's hard to tell when you're catching some rays at the beach, but light packs a punch. Not only does a beam of light carry ...

The attraction by the chlorine atoms is stronger than the attraction by the calcium atom. Two electrons are transferred from the calcium atom, one to each chlorine atom. Calcium becomes a +2 ion and ...

The atom is a complex system of particles. It's made up of a central nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons, called nucleons, with electrons orbiting around the nucleus. Nobel prize-winning ...

Five telescopes of the H.E.S.S.-collaboration in Namibia are used to study cosmic radiation, especially gamma radiation. With ...

Scientists have recently identified electrons and positrons with the highest energies ever recorded on Earth. They provide evidence of cosmic processes emitting colossal amounts of energy, the origins ...

The most powerful cosmic-ray electrons and positrons ever detected slamming into Earth's atmosphere carry energies so high ...

the electron from each atom feels an attraction from the proton in the other atom's nucleus. This attraction pulls the atoms together. The electrons end up being shared by the atoms in a region around ...

When building an atom, pay close attention to the particles' electrical charges. Protons have a charge of +1. Electrons have a charge of -1. Neutrons are neutral, as its name implies. A stable ...

It also tells us that chlorine has 18 neutrons (35 - 17) and, as the number of electrons and protons are equal in a neutral atom, chlorine also has 17 electrons. The relative mass of a nucleus is ...